OR
Fun With Words
By
Francine Paino, a.k.a. F. Della Notte
Writers love words…(talk about stating the obvious!) And there are so many words, proverbs, expressions, clichés, and idioms to choose from, it’s difficult not to fall into the trap of spending too much time in the world of etymology instead of focusing on telling stories. But for today, let’s do just that. Many online courses suggest that anyone learning a foreign language collect and learn at least some idioms to understand and speak like a native. So, here are some fun and not-so-fun expressions. Imagine taking them literally.
One of my favorites for wishing good luck in performance is the Italian “In Bocca al Lupo.” (In the wolf’s mouth.) This one requires a response – crepi il lupo (May the wolf die). No. Italians do not try to stick their heads or other body parts into a wolf’s mouth. It’s the equivalent of telling someone in the theater to “Break a Leg,” which is the most common form of stage-show good wishes. It came from theater superstition that wishing someone good luck was bad luck, so they used reverse psychology by wishing a broken leg. But think about how a performer would react if they took it literally! Speaking of limbs, here’s one that is fun.
SHAKE A LEG – For this, we can thank the 19th-century Royal Navy. The Boatswain’s mate shouted “shake a leg, to awaken their crews. Members then stuck a leg out of their hammocks in order to prove they were awake and ready for duty. So when someone says, “shake a leg,” do not stand still and shake one. Instead, hurry up!
Then, thanks to our own military, we have Bite the Bullet – a quick way to say put aside your distaste or unwillingness to do a task and get it done. This painful idiom originated on battlefields, when anesthetics were unavailable. Wounded soldiers were given sticks, or leather straps, or bullets to bite down on to endure painful procedures.
Expressions that create a more pleasant vision include “Fit as a Fiddle.”In today’s world, it means a person is in perfect health. Its origins date back to the 17th century and stem from the need to maintain violins/fiddles in good condition to achieve the best possible sound. So, close your eyes and imagine playing a fiddle or a violin while you take a run or lift some weights to stay fit like that fiddle.
Then there is the universal proverb, “Cleanliness is next to Godliness.” Although it sounds biblical, it is not. Its concept reaches back to Babylonian and Hebrew religious texts and sentiments. It was not coined as a phrase until preacher John Wesley used it in 1778, in his sermon titled “On Dress.” In the early 20th century, Mahatma Gandhi, on a lifelong mission to help his native India, promoted good hygiene, arguing that the mind and body must be clean to gain spiritual blessings. He noted, “Only when there is both inner and outer cleanliness, it becomes next to godliness.”
From the Southern U.S., we have a treasure trove beginning with Nervous as a long-tailed cat in a room full of rockin’ chairs, describing someone who is nervous and jumpy. The expression is rooted in Southern oral tradition and appeared in newspapers from the 1930s and ‘40s, particularly in Tennessee and Alabama. It is the original, longer form of ‘nervous as a cat.’
A new one to me was Snatch you baldheaded, aSouthern expression meaning to severely scold, discipline, or straighten someone out. The phrase is most often used as a warning from an elder to a child or younger person who is misbehaving. Its etymology likely grew from the older idea of handling someone so roughly that their hair would be pulled out. Over time, Southern speakers began using snatch you baldheaded and the related phrase jerk you baldheaded as colorful warnings rather than literal descriptions.
In the northeast, particularly in New York City, a true melting pot of immigrants, we find some of the most colorful expressions derived from foreign words. In the late 19th and 20th centuries, the largest foreign communities in New York City were Italians and Jews, thereby giving their languages and customs time to meld into the American way.
Here are a few Yiddish Words that have been incorporated into standard NYC speak and are frequently used and understood… in New York, that is.
- Glitch: A minor malfunction or technical problem. This word moved from Yiddish into NYC tech and broadcasting circles, and then worldwide. It traces back to German glitschen (to slip, slide, or skid).
- Klutz: A clumsy or awkward person. Another Yiddish word harkening back to its original German form. It entered American English in the 1920s.
- Kosher: (NOT food). Something that is considered legitimate, proper, or acceptable. New Yorkers use it outside of a food context, and if something isn’t kosher, it isn’t legitimate. It derives from the Hebrew word kasher, which literally means “fit,” “proper,” or “suitable.”
And of course, there is a flood of Italian words that have been incorporated into New York City English, mostly in mispronounced forms, but totally understood.
- Agita: It is an Americanized pronunciation of acido or acidità (Italian for “acid” or “heartburn”), not a variation of the English word agitate, although itsounds like it might be. Its roots are in Southern Italian dialects, and it became common in NYC English in the 1970s.
- Capisce: Pronounced ka-PEESH, in New York-ese. A direct substitute for “Do you understand?” or “Got it?” Capische (ka peesh e), with equal emphasis on all syllables, became common even among New York City’s non-Italians in the late 20th century.
Writers are always advised to avoid idiomatic expressions or use them sparingly, but there are times when including them in dialogue adds depth and color to a character.
Mrs. B, our heroine of the Housekeeper Mystery Series, favors the cleanliness proverb. She is a tiny bit OCD when it comes to cleaning and organization, but that doesn’t alter her ability to think through problems or solve crimes.
As for etymologies, there are hundreds of sites to entertain and educate anyone interested in the history and development of words. I’ve included some of them here.
So, happy reading, till next time.
https://www.ef.edu/english-resources/english-idioms
https://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/gandhian-thoughts-about-cleanliness.php




























